Which two categories encompass potential hazards in a confined space?

The correct answer represents the two primary categories of potential hazards found in confined spaces, encompassing both the atmospheric and physical hazards that can pose serious risks to individuals working in such environments.

Atmospheric hazards refer to the quality of the air within the confined space, which can include toxic gases, insufficient oxygen levels, or flammable vapors. These can lead to asphyxiation, poisoning, or explosions if not adequately managed.

Physical hazards pertain to the structural elements and environmental conditions within the space itself, including the potential for slips, trips, falls, or being struck by falling objects. Recognizing these categories is essential for ensuring safety protocols and appropriate responses when working in confined spaces.

Understanding these hazards is critical for effective risk assessment and for implementing appropriate safety measures, which is a primary concern in emergency response and safety training for personnel like FDNY Lieutenants.